Momwe mungapangire PCB yokhala ndi phokoso lochepa

Kujambula pa bolodi losindikizidwa (PCB) yokhala ndi zofunikira zochepa zaphokoso kungakhale ntchito yovuta, koma ndizotheka kutheka ndi njira yoyenera komanso kumvetsetsa mfundo ndi njira zomwe zikukhudzidwa.Mu positi iyi yabulogu, tiwona njira ndi malingaliro omwe angakuthandizeni kupanga ma PCB opanda phokoso. Choncho, tiyeni tiyambe!

1. Kumvetsetsa phokoso mu ma PCB

Musanalowe mu ndondomeko ya prototyping, ndikofunikira kumvetsetsa kuti phokoso ndi chiyani komanso momwe limakhudzira ma PCB. Mu PCB, phokoso limatanthawuza ma siginecha amagetsi osafunikira omwe angayambitse kusokoneza ndikusokoneza njira yomwe mukufuna. Phokoso limatha kuyambitsidwa ndi zinthu zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza kusokoneza ma elekitiromagineti (EMI), malupu apansi, ndi kuyika kwachinthu kosayenera.

2. Sankhani zigawo kukhathamiritsa phokoso

Kusankhidwa kwa zigawo ndikofunikira kuti muchepetse phokoso muzinthu za PCB. Sankhani zigawo zomwe zapangidwa kuti zichepetse kutulutsa phokoso, monga zokulitsa phokoso ndi zosefera. Kuonjezerapo, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zokwera pamwamba (SMDs) m'malo mwa zigawo zodutsa-bowo, chifukwa zimatha kuchepetsa mphamvu ya parasitic ndi inductance, motero kupereka phokoso labwino.

3. Kuyika koyenera kwa zigawo ndi njira

Kukonzekera bwino kwa kuyika kwa zigawo pa PCB kungachepetse kwambiri phokoso. Gulu lazigawo zomwe sizimva phokoso palimodzi komanso kutali ndi zida zamphamvu kwambiri kapena zothamanga kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa chiwopsezo cha kulumikizana kwa phokoso pakati pa magawo osiyanasiyana ozungulira. Pamene mukuyenda, yesetsani kulekanitsa zizindikiro zothamanga kwambiri ndi zizindikiro zotsika kwambiri kuti muteteze kusokoneza kosafunika kofunikira.

4. Zigawo zapansi ndi mphamvu

Kuyika pansi koyenera ndi kugawa mphamvu ndikofunikira pamapangidwe a PCB opanda phokoso. Gwiritsani ntchito ndege zodzipatulira zapansi ndi mphamvu kuti mupereke njira zobwerera zocheperako pamafunde othamanga kwambiri. Izi zimathandiza kuchepetsa kusinthasintha kwa magetsi ndikuonetsetsa kuti chizindikiro chokhazikika, kuchepetsa phokoso panthawiyi. Kulekanitsa ma siginecha a analogi ndi digito kumachepetsanso chiopsezo cha kuipitsidwa kwa phokoso.

5. Ukadaulo wochepetsera phokoso wadera

Kukhazikitsa njira zochepetsera phokoso zitha kuthandizira kukonza phokoso lonse la ma prototypes a PCB. Mwachitsanzo, kugwiritsa ntchito ma decoupling capacitor panjanji zamagetsi komanso pafupi ndi zida zogwira ntchito kumatha kupondereza phokoso lambiri. Kugwiritsa ntchito njira zotchinjiriza, monga kuyika mabwalo ofunikira m'mipanda yazitsulo kapena kuwonjezera zishango zokhazikika, kuthanso kuchepetsa phokoso lokhudzana ndi EMI.

6. Kuyerekezera ndi kuyesa

Chithunzi cha PCB chisanapangidwe, kachitidwe kake kamayenera kuyerekezedwa ndikuyesedwa kuti tidziwe ndikuthetsa zovuta zilizonse zokhudzana ndi phokoso. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyeserera kuti mufufuze kukhulupirika kwa ma siginecha, kuwerengera magawo a parasitic, ndikuwunika kufalikira kwa phokoso. Kuphatikiza apo, kuyezetsa kogwira ntchito kumachitidwa kuti zitsimikizire kuti PCB ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zaphokoso lotsika isanayambe kupanga.

Powombetsa mkota

Prototyping PCBs ndi zofunika otsika phokoso amafuna kukonzekera mosamala ndi kukhazikitsa njira zosiyanasiyana. Mutha kuchepetsa kwambiri phokoso pamapangidwe anu a PCB posankha zida zokongoletsedwa ndi phokoso, kulabadira kuyika kwa zigawo ndi njira, kukhathamiritsa ndege zapansi ndi mphamvu, kugwiritsa ntchito njira zochepetsera phokoso, ndikuyesa ma prototypes.