Momwe Mungayikitsire Bwino PCB ya High-Speed ​​​​datacom

Tsegulani:

Kujambula pa bolodi yosindikizidwa (PCB) yokhala ndi luso lolumikizana ndi deta yothamanga kwambiri kungakhale ntchito yovuta. Komabe, ndi njira yoyenera komanso chidziwitso, zitha kukhalanso zosangalatsa komanso zopindulitsa.Mu positi iyi yabulogu, tiwunika njira yowonera PCB yomwe imatha kulumikizana mwachangu kwambiri ndi data.

Dziwani zofunikira:

Gawo loyamba la prototyping PCB yokhala ndi mauthenga othamanga kwambiri ndikumvetsetsa zofunikira. Ganizirani zinthu monga kuchuluka kwa kusamutsa deta, ma protocol ndi miyezo yomwe idzagwiritsidwe, ndi phokoso ndi kusokoneza komwe dera likuyenera kupirira. Kumvetsetsa koyambaku kudzakutsogolerani munjira.

Sankhani zigawo zoyenera:

Kuonetsetsa kuti mkulu-liwiro deta kulankhulana, n'kofunika kusankha zigawo zolondola kwa PCB. Yang'anani zigawo zomwe zimayankha pafupipafupi komanso zotsika kwambiri. Ndikofunika kuwunikanso tsatanetsatane ndi mafotokozedwe mosamala kuti muwonetsetse kuti akukwaniritsa zomwe mukufuna. Kuwonjezera apo, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito zipangizo zamakono monga ma transceivers othamanga kwambiri kapena serializers/deserializers (SerDes) kuti muwongolere ntchito.

Mapangidwe a PCB:

Masanjidwe a PCB amatenga gawo lofunikira pakukwaniritsa kulumikizana kwa data mwachangu. Samalani ndi kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro, kufananiza kutalika ndi kuwongolera kwa impedance. Gwiritsani ntchito njira monga kusaina kosiyana, kuwongolera mizere, ndi kupewa kupindika kuti muchepetse kupotoza kwa ma siginecha ndi ma crosstalk. Kuphatikiza apo, ganizirani kugwiritsa ntchito ndege zapansi ndi mphamvu kuti muwonjezere magwiridwe antchito ndikuchepetsa kusokoneza kwamagetsi (EMI).

Mapangidwe Oyerekeza ndi Kusanthula:

Musanayambe ndi chitukuko cha prototype, mapangidwewo ayenera kutsatiridwa ndikuwunikidwa. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zamapulogalamu monga SPICE (Program for Integrated Circuit Emphasis Simulation) kapena choyimira ma elekitirodi kuti mutsimikizire momwe mapangidwe anu amagwirira ntchito. Yang'anani zinthu zilizonse zomwe zingachitike monga kuwunikira ma siginecha, kuphwanya nthawi, kapena phokoso lambiri. Kupanga kusintha kofunikira panthawi ya mapangidwe kudzapulumutsa nthawi ndikuchepetsa chiopsezo cholephera panthawi ya prototyping.

Kupanga ma prototypes a PCB:

Mapangidwewo akamalizidwa ndikutsimikiziridwa kudzera kuyerekezera, mawonekedwe a PCB atha kupangidwa. Mafayilo amapangidwe amatha kutumizidwa kumakampani opanga ma PCB, kapena, ngati muli ndi zofunikira, mutha kulingalira kupanga ma PCB mnyumba. Onetsetsani kuti njira yopangira yosankhidwa ikukwaniritsa zofunikira zothamanga kwambiri, monga njira zopangira zowongolera zowongolera komanso zida zapamwamba.

Kupanga prototype:

Mukalandira chomaliza cha PCB, mutha kusonkhanitsa zigawozo. Mosamala solder aliyense chigawo chimodzi kwa PCB, kupereka chidwi chapadera tcheru tcheru mkulu-liwiro chizindikiro. Gwiritsani ntchito njira zoyenera zogulitsira ndikuonetsetsa kuti zolumikizira zanu ndi zoyera komanso zodalirika. Kutsatira machitidwe abwino ndi miyezo yamakampani kumathandizira kupewa zovuta zomwe zingachitike monga milatho yogulitsira kapena kulumikizana kotseguka.

Yesani ndi kutsimikizira ma prototypes:

Pulogalamu ya PCB ikasonkhanitsidwa, imayenera kuyesedwa bwino ndikutsimikiziridwa. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zoyeserera zoyenera, monga oscilloscope kapena network analyzer, kuti muwunikire momwe kulumikizana kwa data kumayendera. Yesani zochitika zosiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza ma data osiyanasiyana, katundu wosiyanasiyana ndi magwero a phokoso, kuwonetsetsa kuti PCB ikukwaniritsa zofunikira. Lembani zovuta zilizonse kapena zolepheretsa zomwe zapezeka pakuyesa kuti ziwongoleredwe zina zitheke.

Yerekezerani ndikuwongolera mapangidwe:

Prototyping ndi njira yobwerezabwereza, ndipo zovuta kapena malo omwe angasinthidwe nthawi zambiri amakumana nawo panthawi yoyeserera. Unikani zotsatira za mayeso, pezani madera omwe mungawongolere, ndikusintha makonzedwe moyenerera. Kumbukirani kuganizira kukhulupirika kwa chizindikiro, kuponderezedwa kwa EMI, ndi kuthekera kopanga popanga zosintha. Bwerezaninso magawo opangira ndi kuyesa ngati pakufunika mpaka ntchito yolumikizana ndi data yothamanga kwambiri ikwaniritsidwa.

Pomaliza:

Kujambula kwa PCB yokhala ndi mauthenga othamanga kwambiri kumafuna kukonzekera mosamala, kusamalitsa mwatsatanetsatane, ndikutsatira machitidwe abwino. Pomvetsetsa zofunikira, kusankha zigawo zoyenera, kupanga mapangidwe okonzedwa bwino, kuyerekezera ndi kusanthula mapangidwe, kupanga PCB, kusonkhanitsa molondola, ndikuyesa bwino ndi kubwereza ma prototypes, mukhoza kupanga bwino ma PCB apamwamba kwambiri. Kulumikizana kwa data kothamanga kwambiri. Konzani mapangidwe mosalekeza ndikukhalabe osinthidwa ndi matekinoloje aposachedwa kwambiri kuti mutsogolere panjira yomwe ikusintha nthawi zonse.