Kupanga ma PCB a 8-wosanjikiza kumaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika kwambiri kuti zitsimikizire kupanga bwino kwa matabwa apamwamba komanso odalirika.Kuchokera ku mapangidwe apangidwe mpaka kusonkhanitsa komaliza, sitepe iliyonse imakhala ndi gawo lofunika kwambiri pokwaniritsa PCB yogwira ntchito, yokhazikika komanso yothandiza.
Choyamba, sitepe yoyamba pakupanga 8-wosanjikiza PCB ndi mapangidwe ndi masanjidwe.Izi zikuphatikizapo kupanga ndondomeko ya bolodi, kutsimikizira kuyika kwa zigawo, ndi kusankha njira yotsatirira. Gawoli nthawi zambiri limagwiritsa ntchito zida zamapulogalamu monga Altium Designer kapena EagleCAD kupanga choyimira cha digito cha PCB.
Pambuyo pomaliza, chotsatira ndicho kupanga bolodi la dera.Kupanga kumayamba ndikusankha gawo lapansi loyenera kwambiri, nthawi zambiri fiberglass-reinforced epoxy, yotchedwa FR-4. Nkhaniyi ili ndi mphamvu zamakina kwambiri komanso zida zotetezera, zomwe zimapangitsa kuti zikhale zabwino kwambiri popanga PCB.
Ntchito yopanga imaphatikizapo magawo angapo ang'onoang'ono, kuphatikiza etching, kusanja masanjidwe ndi kubowola.Etching imagwiritsidwa ntchito kuchotsa mkuwa wochuluka kuchokera ku gawo lapansi, kusiya zotsalira ndi mapepala kumbuyo. Kuyanjanitsa kwakusanjika kumachitidwa kuti kuyika bwino magawo osiyanasiyana a PCB. Kulondola ndikofunikira panthawiyi kuonetsetsa kuti zigawo zamkati ndi zakunja zikugwirizana bwino.
Kubowola ndi gawo lina lofunikira pakupanga 8-wosanjikiza PCB.Zimaphatikizapo kubowola mabowo enieni mu PCB kuti athe kulumikiza magetsi pakati pa zigawo zosiyanasiyana. Mabowo awa, otchedwa vias, akhoza kudzazidwa ndi zinthu conductive kupereka kugwirizana pakati pa zigawo, potero utithandize magwiridwe ndi kudalirika kwa PCB.
Pambuyo popanga zinthuzo, chotsatira ndikuyika chigoba cha solder ndi kusindikiza kwazithunzi kuti chizindike.Chigoba cha Solder ndi gawo lopyapyala la polima lamadzi lomwe limajambula zithunzi lomwe limagwiritsidwa ntchito kuteteza mayendedwe amkuwa ku okosijeni ndikuletsa milatho yogulitsira panthawi yolumikizana. Mbali inayi, mawonekedwe a silika, amapereka kufotokozera kwa chigawocho, otsogolera owonetsera, ndi zina zofunika.
Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito chigoba cha solder ndi kusindikiza pazenera, bolodi yozungulira idzadutsa njira yotchedwa solder paste screen printing.Gawo ili likuphatikizapo kugwiritsa ntchito stencil kuyika phala lopyapyala la solder pamwamba pa bolodi. Solder phala tichipeza zitsulo aloyi particles kuti kusungunuka pa ndondomeko reflow soldering kupanga amphamvu ndi odalirika kugwirizana magetsi pakati chigawo chimodzi ndi PCB.
Mukatha kugwiritsa ntchito phala la solder, makina osankha ndi malo amagwiritsidwa ntchito kuyika zinthuzo pa PCB.Makinawa amayika bwino zigawo m'malo osankhidwa malinga ndi kapangidwe kake. Zigawozi zimagwiridwa ndi phala la solder, kupanga mawotchi osakhalitsa ndi magetsi.
Gawo lomaliza la 8-wosanjikiza PCB kupanga ndi reflow soldering.Njirayi imaphatikizapo kuyika bolodi lonselo pamlingo wowongolera kutentha, kusungunula phala la solder ndi kumangiriza zigawozo ku bolodi. Njira ya reflow soldering imatsimikizira kugwirizana kwamagetsi kolimba komanso kodalirika popewa kuwonongeka kwa zigawo chifukwa cha kutentha kwambiri.
Pambuyo pomaliza kugulitsanso, PCB imawunikidwa ndikuyesedwa kuti iwonetsetse kuti ikugwira ntchito komanso mtundu wake.Chitani mayeso osiyanasiyana monga kuyang'ana kowoneka, kuyesa kwamagetsi, ndi kuyesa magwiridwe antchito kuti muwone zolakwika kapena zovuta zilizonse.
Mwachidule, a8-wosanjikiza PCB kupanga njiraimaphatikizapo njira zingapo zofunika zomwe ndizofunikira kuti pakhale bolodi yodalirika komanso yothandiza.Kuchokera ku mapangidwe ndi masanjidwe mpaka kupanga, kusonkhanitsa ndi kuyesa, sitepe iliyonse imathandizira kuti PCB ikhale yabwino komanso magwiridwe antchito. Potsatira njira izi ndendende komanso ndi chidwi mwatsatanetsatane, opanga akhoza kupanga ma PCB apamwamba omwe amakwaniritsa zofunikira zosiyanasiyana.
Nthawi yotumiza: Sep-26-2023
Kubwerera
