Prototype a Printed Circuit Board (PCB) ya Video Game Console

Chiyambi:

Makanema amasewera apakanema adasinthiratu bizinesi yamasewera, kukopa osewera mamiliyoni padziko lonse lapansi. Kaya ndinu wofuna kupanga masewera kapena wokonda kuchita masewera olimbitsa thupi, kujambula bolodi yosindikizidwa (PCB) ya kontrakitala yamasewera a kanema kungakhale kosangalatsa.Mu bukhuli la DIY, tiwona momwe mavidiyo amasewera a PCB amathandizira, kuyambira pakupanga mawonekedwe ozungulira ndi PCB, kuphatikiza zida zamagetsi ndikupanga mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito. Chifukwa chake, tiyeni tifufuze zapadziko lapansi zamasewera apakanema amasewera ndikuphunzira momwe mungapangire malingaliro anu pamasewera!

1. Mvetsetsani kapangidwe ka masewero a kanema:

Musanayambe kudumphira mu PCB prototyping, ndikofunikira kuti mukhale ndi chidziwitso choyambira pamapangidwe amasewera apakanema. Masewero amasewera amakanema amapangidwa ndi magawo osiyanasiyana, kuphatikiza chapakati processing unit (CPU), kukumbukira, graphics processing unit (GPU), owongolera, ndi ma audio ndi makanema otulutsa. Zigawozi zimagwirira ntchito limodzi kuti zilole kuti masewera aziseweredwa komanso kuti zithunzi zitheke. Kuphatikiza apo, ma consoles amasewera nthawi zambiri amakhala ndi zotumphukira zosiyanasiyana, zosankha zamalumikizidwe opanda zingwe, ndi zida zosungira. Kumvetsetsa uku kukuthandizani kukonzekera ndikupanga mawonekedwe abwino a PCB amtundu wanu wamasewera apakanema.

2. Mapangidwe a PCB ndi masanjidwe:

Kupanga masanjidwe a PCB ndi gawo lofunikira popanga mawonekedwe amasewera apakanema. Choyamba, muyenera kupanga schematics yomwe imatanthawuza kugwirizana kwa magetsi ndi ntchito za zigawozo. Mutha kugwiritsa ntchito mapulogalamu a PCB monga Eagle kapena Altium Designer kuti mupange schema. Mukamaliza kukonza, pulogalamuyo imakulolani kuti musinthe kukhala mawonekedwe a PCB.

Mukamapanga masanjidwe a PCB, lingalirani kukula kwa kontena ndi kuyika kwa zigawo. Onetsetsani kuti zolozera zomwe zikulumikiza zigawo zosiyanasiyana ndi zazifupi kuti muchepetse kusokoneza kwa ma sign. Gwiritsani ntchito nthaka yoyenera ndi ndege zamagetsi kuti mupereke kugawa mphamvu kokhazikika. Komanso, tcherani khutu ku kasamalidwe ka kutentha kuti muwonetsetse kuti zida zofunika kwambiri monga CPU ndi GPU zakhazikika mokwanira.

3. Kusankha kwazinthu zamagetsi:

Kusankha zida zoyenera zamagetsi ndizofunikira kwambiri pakugwira ntchito ndi magwiridwe antchito amtundu wanu wamasewera apakanema. Zigawo zimasankhidwa kutengera kuyanjana kwawo ndi kapangidwe ka PCB, mphamvu zamagetsi ndi magwiridwe antchito omwe akufuna. Zigawo zodziwika bwino zamasewera amasewera zimaphatikizapo ma microcontrollers, ma module okumbukira, ma graph processors, ma audio ndi makanema otulutsa, ndi zida zowongolera mphamvu.

Kumbukirani kuti zopangira zopangira ma prototyping sizingafanane ndi kupanga anthu ambiri. Mapulatifomu a pa intaneti monga Digi-Key, Mouser kapena malo ogulitsa zamagetsi zamagetsi nthawi zambiri amapereka magawo osiyanasiyana oyenera kujambula.

4. Sonkhanitsani PCB:

Mukangopanga masanjidwe a PCB ndikupeza zofunikira, ndi nthawi yosonkhanitsa PCB. Yambani ndikuyika mosamala zigawozo pa bolodi, ndikuwonetsetsa kuti zikuyenda bwino komanso zimayenderana bwino. Ma PCB amakono amagwiritsa ntchito zida zaukadaulo wapamtunda (SMT), zomwe zimafunikira zida zapadera monga malo ogulitsira, mfuti zotenthetsera, kapena mauvuni obwereranso.

Samalani mukamagulitsa kuti mupewe kuwononga zinthu kapena ma PCB. Ngati ndinu watsopano ku soldering, kuyeseza pa bolodi yaying'ono pasadakhale kungakuthandizeni kukulitsa luso lanu. Flux ndi nsonga yabwino kwambiri yopangira chitsulo ndi zida zofunika kwambiri zogulitsira bwino.

5. Pangani chitsanzo chogwira ntchito:

PCB ikasonkhanitsidwa, ndi nthawi yoti muyese ndikuwunika mtundu wanu wamasewera apakanema. Lumikizani mphamvu zofunika, zowongolera, ndi zida zomvera ndi makanema kuti muwunikire magwiridwe antchito a console. Gwiritsani ntchito zida zopangira mapulogalamu (SDK) ndi zida zowongolera kuti muyese magwiridwe antchito ndikuthetsa vuto lililonse.

Kugwira ntchito kukatsimikiziridwa, yesani magwiridwe antchito poyendetsa masewera kapena pulogalamu inayake. Sonkhanitsani mayankho kuchokera kwa oyesa ndikusintha zofunikira kuti muwonjezere luso la ogwiritsa ntchito. Njira yobwereza iyi imatha kusintha kwambiri mawonekedwe anu amasewera apakanema.

6. Kupanga:

Prototyping a PCB ya kontrakitala yamasewera apakanema ndi poyambira kwambiri pakuzindikira masomphenya anu amasewera. Komabe, kupanga kwakukulu kwamasewera amasewera kumafunanso kuganiziranso zinthu zina monga certification, ukadaulo wopanga misala komanso kasamalidwe ka chain chain. Kugwira ntchito ndi wopanga ma hardware kapena kufunafuna chitsogozo kuchokera kwa akatswiri amakampani kungakuthandizeni kuthana ndi zovuta izi ndikubweretsa bwino masewero anu apakanema pamsika.

Pomaliza :

Kwa okonda DIY komanso omwe akufuna kupanga masewera, kujambula ma PCB amasewera apakanema ndi njira yofikirika komanso yopindulitsa. Pomvetsetsa zoyambira zamapangidwe amasewera apakanema, kupanga masanjidwe abwino a PCB, kusankha zida zoyenera zamagetsi, ndikuphatikiza mawonekedwe ogwirira ntchito, mutha kusintha malingaliro anu amasewera kukhala zenizeni zowoneka. Mukamakonza ma prototype anu ndikupeza mayankho, mutha kupeza kuti mwakonzeka kuyamba ulendo wosangalatsa womanga console. Chifukwa chake tembenuzani manja anu, tsegulani luso lanu, ndikuyamba kujambula kanema wamasewera anu!